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US Scrambles To Prepare
For Biological Attack
By Andrea Shalal-Esa
10-2-1

WASHINGTON (Reuters) - Heeding stern warnings the United States could face attacks involving biological or chemical weapons, state, local and federal authorities are scrambling to identify potential threats and prepare for them.
 
"A lot of attention is being paid to preparedness," said one senior representative to the 16-agency National Response Center, which handles any chemical or oil spills.
 
"We have a long way to go. I think everybody's doing what they can," said the official, who spoke on condition of anonymity on Monday on the sidelines of a conference on weapons of mass destruction sponsored by Jane's Information Group.
 
The meeting, attended by more than 100 experts and federal, state and local authorities, came on the heels of warnings on Sunday from Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld and other top U.S. officials that the United States was still vulnerable to attack following the Sept. 11 assault that left more than 5,700 people dead or missing.
 
Rumsfeld told NBC the United States knew some nations with proven links to militant groups already had developed chemical or biological agents for use as weapons, and it was possible that some of the nations would assist extremist groups in obtaining those capabilities.
 
Experts on Monday said agroterrorism posed an additional threat that had hardly been discussed or assessed at all, and that would be particularly difficult to avert.
 
REAL THREAT CITED
 
Health and Human Services Secretary Tommy Thompson insisted on Sunday the United States was ready to deal with a germ or chemical attack. He said eight secret U.S. government staging areas were poised to respond to such an attack.
 
Oklahoma Gov. Frank Keating lauded the federal response but said the first people to respond to any bioterrorism incident were ill-equipped to deal with such an attack.
 
"At this juncture, with all due respect, I think most doctors, most nurses, most emergency management specialists at the state level really don't know what to expect or how to respond and that should be of concern to everybody," Keating told ABC's "Good Morning America."
 
Sen. Bill Frist, a Tennessee Republican who commissioned a government report on preparedness for a bioterrorism attack, told ABC the probability of such an assault had increased sharply.
 
"The threat is real and the American people need to recognize that," Frist said. "The probability is low ... but, as we saw on Sept. 11, that probability is increasing. It has increased markedly over the last several years."
 
He said a General Accounting Office study released last week underscored the lack of coordination among the federal, state and local agencies that would respond to such an attack, a problem officials said has been fueled by lack of funding.
 
Moreover, Frist said, the U.S. public health infrastructure was inadequate to handle "the surge capacity of thousands of people coming to emergency rooms" after any attack.
 
ON THE FRONTLINE
 
Ken Alibek, lead scientist in the Soviet Union's biowarfare program from 1988 to 1992, agreed the threat was real. "Of course, these weapons are under significant consideration for all, or a great majority of terrorist groups," Alibek told Reuters.
 
Now a strategist and scientist with a biotech start-up, Alibek said it was "highly probable" that Afghanistan's ruling Taliban government had access to chemical weapons.
 
Tara O'Toole, deputy director of the Center for Civilian Biodefense Studies at Johns Hopkins University, told U.S. mayors on Monday local agencies would be the first line of defense in any future biological or chemical attack.
 
O'Toole said the agencies would be on their own for up to 48 hours after an attack, until the federal government deployed doses of emergency antibiotics from a national drug stockpile.
 
Joseph Foxell, head of information security at New York's Human Resources Administration, warned that extremists could also contaminate U.S. agricultural crops or livestock.
 
Foxell said it would be relatively cheap and easy for such groups to infect U.S. livestock with a disease such as West Nile virus or barley crops with botulism, and it would be tough to monitor cropland across the country.

 
 
 
 
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