- Yale School of Medicine researchers have found that a
diet high in cholesterol, animal protein and vitamin B12 is linked to risk
of a specific type of cancer of the stomach and esophagus that has been
increasing rapidly.
-
- The researchers also found that plant-based nutrients
such as dietary fiber, dietary beta-carotene, folic acid, vitamin C and
vitamin B6 were associated with lower risk of these kinds of cancers. They
further found that regular use of vitamin C supplements was associated
with a 40 percent reduction in the risk of cancer in the middle and lower
parts of the stomach.
-
- The rate of a specific type of esophageal and stomach
cancer, known as adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and gastric cardia, has
increased by 300 percent since the mid-1970s, according to lead author
Susan Mayne, associate professor in the Department of Epidemiology and
Public Health at Yale School of Medicine, and associate director of the
Yale Cancer Center. To identify reasons for this rapid increase, the United
States National Cancer Institute launched a large study at three centers,
including Yale, the University of Washington and Columbia
University.
-
- The researchers interviewed patients throughout
Connecticut,
New Jersey and western Washington State and compared the nutrient intake
of 1,095 people with stomach or esophageal cancer to that of 687 healthy
people in a control group. The team also looked at the participants' use
of nutrient supplements. Their results are published in the October issue
of Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention.
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- "We found that many animal-based nutrients found
in foods of animal origin are strongly associated with risk of developing
these types of cancers and we were able to identify nutrients that
presumably
would be protective," said Mayne. "We also found that regular
users of vitamin C supplements were at significantly lower risk of stomach
cancer."
-
- In a separate analysis of these data, the research team
found that obesity is strongly linked with risk of these cancers. "The
increase in the prevalence of obesity in the United States certainly
contributes
to the time trends," said Mayne. "Our results suggest that
prevention
strategies for these cancers should emphasize increased consumption of
plant foods, decreased consumption of foods of animal origin with the
possible
exception of dairy products, and control of obesity."
-
- Other researchers on the study include Principal
Investigator
of the Yale site Harvey A. Risch and Robert Dubrow at Yale; A. Brian West,
previously at Yale and now at New York University Medical Center; Wong-Ho
Chow and Joseph F. Fraumeni, Jr. of the U.S. National Cancer Institute;
Marilie D. Gammon, previously at Columbia University and now at the
University
of North Carolina; Habibul Ahsan and Heidi Rotterdam of Columbia
University;
Janet B. Schoenberg, from the New Jersey Department of Health and Senior
Services; Thomas L. Vaughan, Diana C. Farrow and Janet L. Stanford from
the University of Washington; and William J. Blot from the International
Epidemiology Institute.
-
- Note: This story has been adapted from a news release
issued by Yale University for journalists and other members of the
public.
If you wish to quote from any part of this story, please credit Yale
University
as the original source. You may also wish to include the following link
in any citation: http://www.
sciencedaily.com
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