- Hello, Jeff - Dr. Lee has been right on the money with
regard to SARS etiology. I do hope that he will get the recognition due
him. Of course, you, my friend, were the FIRST to publicize Dr. Lee's findings.
- You both are on the cutting edge.
-
- Patricia
-
- Date: Mon 5 May 2003
- From: ProMED-mail <promed@promedmail.org>
- Source: World Health Organisation (WHO)
- Communicable Disease Surveillance and Response (CSR),
- Mon 5 May 2003 [edited]
- http://www.who.int/csr/sars/survival_2003_05_04/en/
-
-
- [The data previewed in "SARS - worldwide (91): etiology
20030504.1114" has
- now appeared in more detail in tabulated form on the
WHO web-site. Below is
- a summary of the essential information abstracted from
the table. - Mod.CP]
-
- First Data on Stability and Resistance of SARS Coronavirus
Compiled by
- Members of the WHO Laboratory Network
- ---------------------------------------------------
- The first compilation of data on resistance of the SARS
Coronavirus against
- environmental factors and disinfectants: This information
has been provided
- by Members of the WHO multi-center collaborative network
on SARS diagnosis
- . More detailed information on methods utilized and material
used is being
- compiled and will be available shortly.
-
- The major conclusions from these studies are:
-
- (1) Virus survival in stool and urine
- -------------------------------------
- -- The SARS Virus is stable in faeces (and urine) at
room temperature for
- at least 1-2 days.
- -- It is more stable (up to 4 days) in stool from diarrhea
patients (which
- has higher pH than normal stool).
-
- (2) Disinfectants and fixatives (for use in laboratories)
- ---------------------------------------------------
- -- Virus loses infectivity after exposure to different
commonly used
- disinfectants and fixatives.
-
- (3) Virus survival in cell-culture supernatant
- -----------------------------------------------
- -- Only minimal reduction in virus concentration after
21 days at 4 C and
- -80 C.
- -- Reduction in virus concentration by one log only at
stable room
- temperature for 2 days. This would indicate that the
virus is more stable
- than the known human coronaviruses under these conditions.
- -- Heat at 56 C kills the SARS coronavirus at around
10 000 units per 15
- min (a rapid reduction).
-
- Below are the supporting data extracted from the WHO
table:
-
- From the Government Virus Unit, Dept. of Health, Hong
Kong SAR, China
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- Substrate/Initial virus concentration (pfu)/ Conditions/
Survival time/
- Method of testing
-
- (a) virus spiked in baby stool/ 1.00E+03/pH 6-7/ 3 hours/
cell culture
- (b) virus spiked in normal stool/ 7.5E+03/ph 8/ 6 hours/
cell culture
- (c) virus in diarrheal stool/ 7.5E+03/ph 9/ 4 days/ cell
culture
-
- From the Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong,
Hong Kong SAR, China
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- Substrate/Initial virus concentration (pfu)/ Conditions/
Survival time/
- Method of testing
-
- (a) stool/ 1.00E+03/ room temp. (RT)/at least 2 days/
cell culture
- (b) urine/ 1.00E+03/ RT/ at least 24 hours/ cell culture
- (c) culture medium + 1 percent bovine serum/1.00E+03/plastic
surface at RT/
- at least 2 days/ cell culture
- (d) same + 1 percent bovine serum/1.00E+04/30-37 degrees
Celsius/ at least
- 1 hour/ cell culture
- (e) same + 1 percent fetal calf serum/1.00E+04/ 56 degrees
Celsius/ 3 log
- units decay in 15 min./ cell culture
- (f) virus in solvents*/ 1.00E+06/ RT/ less than 5 min./
cell culture
-
- * acetone, 10 percent formaldehyde, 10 percent paraformaldehyde,
10 percent
- clorox, 75 percent ethanol / 2 percent phenol
-
- From the National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo,
Japan
- ------------------------------------------------
-
- Substrate/Initial virus concentration (pfu)/ Conditions/
Survival time/
- Method of testing
-
- (a) virus culture + 2 percent bovine serum/ 1.00E+06/
minus 80 degrees
- Celsius/ at least 4 days/ cell culture and RT-PCR
- (b) virus culture + 2 percent fetal calf serum/ 1.00E+06/
4 degrees
- Celsius/ at least 4 days/ virus culture and RT-PCR
- (c) virus culture + 2 percent fetal calf serum/ 1.00E+06/
37 degrees
- Celsius/ at least 4 days/ virus culture and RT-PCR
- (d) virus culture + 2 percent fetal calf serum/ 1.00E+05/
56 degrees
- Celsius/ less than 30 minutes/ virus culture and RT-PCR
-
- From the University of Marburg, Germany
- -----------------------------------------
-
- Substrate/Initial virus concentration (pfu)/ Conditions/
Survival time/
- Method of testing
-
- (a) virus culture/ 1.00E+06/4 degrees Celsius/at least
21 days/ cell culture
- (b) virus culture/ 1.00E+06/minus 80 degrees Celsius/at
least 21 days/ cell
- culture
-
- --
- ProMED-mail
- <promed@promedmail.org>
-
- [The comment on these data remains the same as before.
None of the survival characteristics documented above are exceptional for
comparable pathogenic human respiratory viruses (e.g., paramyxoviruses
and orthomyxoviruses). However, what may be epidemiologically relevant
is the prolonged survival in low-acidity faeces and urine. Information
on the amount of infectious virus excreted in the faeces and urine by SARS
patients is required to assess the risk of transmission of infection by
these routes.
-
- The previous suggestion of resistance to some common
laboratory disinfectants is not supported by these data. - Mod.CP]
-
-
-
- Patricia A. Doyle, PhD
- Please visit my "Emerging Diseases" message
board at:
- http://www.clickitnews.com/emergingdiseases/index.shtml
- Zhan le Devlesa tai sastimasa
- Go with God and in Good Health
|
